/*
    * Copyright (C) 2022 B3Partners B.V.
    *
    * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
    */
   package org.tailormap.api.controller;
   
   import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.ACCEPT;
   import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.CACHE_CONTROL;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.CONTENT_DISPOSITION;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.CONTENT_LENGTH;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.CONTENT_RANGE;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.ETAG;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.EXPIRES;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.IF_MATCH;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.IF_MODIFIED_SINCE;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.IF_NONE_MATCH;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.IF_RANGE;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.LAST_MODIFIED;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.PRAGMA;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.RANGE;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.REFERER;
  import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.USER_AGENT;
  import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.GET;
  import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.POST;
  import static org.tailormap.api.persistence.helper.GeoServiceHelper.getWmsRequest;
  import static org.tailormap.api.util.HttpProxyUtil.addForwardedForRequestHeaders;
  import static org.tailormap.api.util.HttpProxyUtil.configureProxyRequestBuilderForUri;
  import static org.tailormap.api.util.HttpProxyUtil.passthroughRequestHeaders;
  import static org.tailormap.api.util.HttpProxyUtil.passthroughResponseHeaders;
  import static org.tailormap.api.util.HttpProxyUtil.setHttpBasicAuthenticationHeader;
  
  import io.micrometer.core.annotation.Timed;
  import jakarta.annotation.Nullable;
  import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import java.io.InputStream;
  import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
  import java.net.URI;
  import java.net.URISyntaxException;
  import java.net.http.HttpClient;
  import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
  import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
  import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
  import java.util.AbstractMap;
  import java.util.Arrays;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Locale;
  import java.util.Map;
  import java.util.Objects;
  import java.util.Set;
  import java.util.regex.Pattern;
  import java.util.stream.Collectors;
  import org.slf4j.Logger;
  import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
  import org.springframework.core.io.InputStreamResource;
  import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
  import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
  import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
  import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
  import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
  import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
  import org.springframework.web.server.ResponseStatusException;
  import org.springframework.web.util.UriComponentsBuilder;
  import org.springframework.web.util.UriUtils;
  import org.tailormap.api.annotation.AppRestController;
  import org.tailormap.api.persistence.Application;
  import org.tailormap.api.persistence.GeoService;
  import org.tailormap.api.persistence.helper.GeoServiceHelper;
  import org.tailormap.api.persistence.json.GeoServiceLayer;
  import org.tailormap.api.persistence.json.GeoServiceProtocol;
  import org.tailormap.api.persistence.json.ServiceAuthentication;
  import org.tailormap.api.security.AuthorisationService;
  
  /**
   * Proxy controller for OGC WMS, WMTS, and 3D Tiles services. Does not attempt to hide the original service URL. Mostly
   * useful for access to HTTP Basic secured services without sending the credentials to the client. The access control is
   * handled by Spring Security and the authorizations configured on the service.
   *
   * <p>Only supports GET requests. Does not support CORS, only meant for tailormap-viewer from the same origin.
   *
   * <p>Implementation note: uses the Java 11 HttpClient. Spring cloud gateway can proxy with many more features but
   * cannot be used in a non-reactive application.
   */
  @AppRestController
  @Validated
  // Can't use ${tailormap-api.base-path} because linkTo() won't work
  @RequestMapping(path = "/api/{viewerKind}/{viewerName}/layer/{appLayerId}/proxy")
  public class GeoServiceProxyController {
    private static final Logger logger =
        LoggerFactory.getLogger(MethodHandles.lookup().lookupClass());
    private final AuthorisationService authorisationService;
    private final HttpClient httpClient;
  
   public static final String TILES3D_DESCRIPTION_PATH = "tiles3dDescription";
 
   @Value("${tailormap-api.proxy.passthrough.layerpatterns:}")
   private Set<String> proxyLayerPassthroughPatterns = Set.of();
 
   @Value("${tailormap-api.proxy.passthrough.hostnames:}")
   private Set<String> proxyPassthroughHostNames = Set.of();
 
   public GeoServiceProxyController(AuthorisationService authorisationService) {
     this.authorisationService = authorisationService;
 
     final HttpClient.Builder builder = HttpClient.newBuilder().followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.NORMAL);
     this.httpClient = builder.build();
   }
 
   @RequestMapping(
       method = {GET, POST},
       path = "/tiles3d/**")
   public ResponseEntity<?> proxy3dtiles(
       @ModelAttribute Application application,
       @ModelAttribute GeoService service,
       @ModelAttribute GeoServiceLayer layer,
       HttpServletRequest request) {
 
     checkRequestValidity(application, service, layer, GeoServiceProtocol.TILES3D, request);
 
     return doProxy(build3DTilesUrl(service, request), service, request);
   }
 
   @RequestMapping(
       method = {GET, POST},
       path = "/{protocol}")
   @Timed(value = "proxy", description = "Proxy OGC service calls")
   public ResponseEntity<?> proxy(
       @ModelAttribute Application application,
       @ModelAttribute GeoService service,
       @ModelAttribute GeoServiceLayer layer,
       @PathVariable("protocol") GeoServiceProtocol protocol,
       HttpServletRequest request) {
 
     checkRequestValidity(application, service, layer, protocol, request);
 
     return switch (protocol) {
       case WMS, WMTS -> doProxy(buildWMSUrl(service, request), service, request);
       case LEGEND -> {
         URI legendURI = buildLegendURI(service, layer, request);
         if (legendURI == null) {
           logger.warn("No legend URL found for layer {}", layer.getName());
           yield null;
         }
         yield doProxy(legendURI, service, request);
       }
       case TILES3D ->
         throw new ResponseStatusException(
             HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Incorrect 3D Tiles proxy request: No path to capabilities or content");
       default ->
         throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Unsupported proxy protocol: " + protocol);
     };
   }
 
   private void checkRequestValidity(
       Application application,
       GeoService service,
       GeoServiceLayer layer,
       GeoServiceProtocol protocol,
       HttpServletRequest request) {
     if (service == null || layer == null) {
       throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
     }
 
     if (GeoServiceProtocol.XYZ.equals(protocol)) {
       throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "XYZ proxying not implemented");
     }
 
     if (!(service.getProtocol().equals(protocol) || GeoServiceProtocol.LEGEND.equals(protocol))) {
       throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Invalid proxy protocol: " + protocol);
     }
 
     if (!service.getSettings().getUseProxy()) {
       throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN, "Proxy not enabled for requested service");
     }
 
     // check if there are multiple LAYERS parameters or multiple values for the LAYERS parameter,
     // which is not supported by this proxy and can be a sign of an attempt to bypass the layer name check below
     long wmsLayerParamCount = request.getParameterMap().entrySet().stream()
         .filter(entry -> "LAYERS".equalsIgnoreCase(entry.getKey()))
         .count();
     boolean hasMultipleLayerValues = request.getParameterMap().entrySet().stream()
         .filter(entry -> "LAYERS".equalsIgnoreCase(entry.getKey()))
         .anyMatch(entry -> entry.getValue().length > 1
             || (entry.getValue().length == 1 && entry.getValue()[0].indexOf(',') >= 0));
     if (wmsLayerParamCount > 1 || hasMultipleLayerValues) {
       throw new ResponseStatusException(
           HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Multiple layers in LAYERS parameter not supported");
     }
 
     // this can be null in case of requests that do not have a LAYERS parameter, such as GetCapabilities requests.
     String layerNameParamValue = request.getParameterMap().entrySet().stream()
         .filter(entry -> "LAYERS".equalsIgnoreCase(entry.getKey()))
         .findFirst()
         .map(entry -> entry.getValue()[0])
         .orElse(null);
 
     if (layerNameParamValue != null && !layer.getName().equals(layerNameParamValue)) {
       // check if layer matches any passthrough pattern, if not throw bad request
       if (proxyLayerPassthroughPatterns.stream().noneMatch(pattern -> {
         return Pattern.compile(pattern.formatted(Pattern.quote(layer.getName())))
             .matcher(layerNameParamValue)
             .matches();
       })) {
         throw new ResponseStatusException(
             HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Requested layer name does not match expected layer");
       }
 
       if (!proxyPassthroughHostNames.isEmpty()) {
         // check if host matches any passthrough hostname, if not throw bad request
         try {
           String geoServiceHostName = new URI(service.getUrl()).getHost();
           if (proxyPassthroughHostNames.stream()
               .noneMatch(hostname -> hostname.equalsIgnoreCase(geoServiceHostName))) {
             throw new ResponseStatusException(
                 HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
                 "Requested service hostname does not match allowed hostnames for layer passthrough");
           }
         } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
           logger.error(
               "Invalid service URL \"{}\" for layer id {}: {}",
               service.getUrl(),
               layer.getId(),
               e.getMessage());
           throw new ResponseStatusException(
               HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "Invalid service URL in configuration");
         }
       }
     }
 
     if (authorisationService.mustDenyAccessForSecuredProxy(service)) {
       logger.debug(
           "Denying proxy for layer \"{}\" in app #{} (\"{}\") from secured service #{} (URL {}): user is not authenticated",
           layer.getName(),
           application.getId(),
           application.getName(),
           service.getId(),
           service.getUrl());
       throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN);
     }
   }
 
   private @Nullable URI buildLegendURI(GeoService service, GeoServiceLayer layer, HttpServletRequest request) {
     URI legendURI = GeoServiceHelper.getLayerLegendUrlFromStyles(service, layer);
     if (legendURI == null) {
       return null;
     }
 
     // If the original service legend URL is not a GetLegendGraphic request, do not add any parameters from the
     // incoming request and proxy the request as is
     String wmsRequest = getWmsRequest(legendURI);
     if (!"getlegendgraphic".equalsIgnoreCase(wmsRequest)) {
       return legendURI;
     }
 
     // Add all parameters from the incoming request to allow for vendor-specific parameters to enhance the legend
     // image, such as font antialiasing, hi-DPI, label margins, and so on
     UriComponentsBuilder uriComponentsBuilder = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUri(legendURI);
     if (request.getParameterMap() != null) {
       request.getParameterMap().forEach((key, values) -> {
         for (String value : values) {
           uriComponentsBuilder.replaceQueryParam(key, UriUtils.encode(value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
         }
       });
     }
     // Make sure the REQUEST parameter is set to GetLegendGraphic. No SSRF risk as WMSes should not do anything with
     // other parameters other than returning a legend image
     uriComponentsBuilder.replaceQueryParam("REQUEST", "GetLegendGraphic");
 
     return uriComponentsBuilder.build(true).toUri();
   }
 
   private URI buildWMSUrl(GeoService service, HttpServletRequest request) {
     final UriComponentsBuilder originalServiceUrl = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString(service.getUrl());
     // request.getParameterMap() includes parameters from an application/x-www-form-urlencoded POST
     // body
     final MultiValueMap<String, String> requestParams = request.getParameterMap().entrySet().stream()
         .map(entry -> new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<>(
             entry.getKey(),
             Arrays.stream(entry.getValue())
                 .map(value -> UriUtils.encode(value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
                 .collect(Collectors.toList())))
         .collect(Collectors.toMap(
             Map.Entry::getKey, Map.Entry::getValue, (x, y) -> y, LinkedMultiValueMap::new));
     final MultiValueMap<String, String> params =
         buildOgcProxyRequestParams(originalServiceUrl.build(true).getQueryParams(), requestParams);
     originalServiceUrl.replaceQueryParams(params);
     return originalServiceUrl.build(true).toUri();
   }
 
   public static MultiValueMap<String, String> buildOgcProxyRequestParams(
       MultiValueMap<String, String> originalServiceParams, MultiValueMap<String, String> requestParams) {
     // Start with all the parameters from the request
     final MultiValueMap<String, String> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>(requestParams);
 
     // Add original service URL parameters if they are not required OGC params (case-insensitive)
     // and not already set by request
     final List<String> ogcParams = List.of(new String[] {"SERVICE", "REQUEST", "VERSION"});
     for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> serviceParam : originalServiceParams.entrySet()) {
       if (!params.containsKey(serviceParam.getKey())
           && !ogcParams.contains(serviceParam.getKey().toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT))) {
         params.put(serviceParam.getKey(), serviceParam.getValue());
       }
     }
     return params;
   }
 
   private URI build3DTilesUrl(GeoService service, HttpServletRequest request) {
     // The URL in the GeoService refers to the location of the JSON file describing the tileset,
     // e.g. example.com/buildings/3dtiles. The paths to the subtrees and tiles of the tilesets do
     // not include the '/3dtiles' (or '/tileset.json') part of the path. Their paths are e.g.
     // example.com/buildings/subtrees/... or example.com/buildings/t/...
     final UriComponentsBuilder originalServiceUrl = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString(service.getUrl());
     String baseUrl = originalServiceUrl.build(true).toUriString();
     String[] parts = request.getRequestURI().split("/proxy/tiles3d/", 2);
     if (parts.length < 2) {
       throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Invalid 3D tiles proxy path");
     }
     String pathToContent = parts[1];
 
     // Prevent path traversal
     if (pathToContent.contains("..") || pathToContent.contains("\\")) {
       throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Invalid 3D tiles content path");
     }
 
     // Return service URL when the request is for the JSON file describing the tileset
     if (Objects.equals(pathToContent, TILES3D_DESCRIPTION_PATH)) {
       return UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString(baseUrl).build(true).toUri();
     }
 
     // Remove the part of the service URL referring to the JSON file describing the tileset
     int lastSlashIndex = baseUrl.lastIndexOf('/');
     if (lastSlashIndex != -1) {
       baseUrl = baseUrl.substring(0, lastSlashIndex + 1);
     }
 
     // Return final URL with specific path to the tile or subtree
     String finalUrl = baseUrl + pathToContent;
     return UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString(finalUrl).build(true).toUri();
   }
 
   private ResponseEntity<?> doProxy(URI uri, GeoService service, HttpServletRequest request) {
     HttpRequest.Builder requestBuilder = HttpRequest.newBuilder();
 
     configureProxyRequestBuilderForUri(requestBuilder, uri, request);
 
     addForwardedForRequestHeaders(requestBuilder, request);
 
     passthroughRequestHeaders(
         requestBuilder,
         request,
         Set.of(
             ACCEPT,
             IF_MODIFIED_SINCE,
             IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE,
             IF_MATCH,
             IF_NONE_MATCH,
             IF_RANGE,
             RANGE,
             REFERER,
             USER_AGENT));
 
     if (service.getAuthentication() != null
         && service.getAuthentication().getMethod() == ServiceAuthentication.MethodEnum.PASSWORD) {
       setHttpBasicAuthenticationHeader(
           requestBuilder,
           service.getAuthentication().getUsername(),
           service.getAuthentication().getPassword());
     }
 
     try {
       // TODO: close JPA connection before proxying
       HttpResponse<InputStream> response =
           this.httpClient.send(requestBuilder.build(), HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofInputStream());
 
       // If the server does not accept our credentials, it might 'hide' the layer or even send a 401
       // Unauthorized status. We do not send the WWW-Authenticate header back, so the client will
       // get the error but not an authorization popup.
       // It would be nice if proxy (auth) errors were logged and available in the admin interface.
       // Currently, a layer will just stop working if the geo service credentials are changed
       // without updating them in the geo service registry.
       InputStreamResource body = new InputStreamResource(response.body());
       HttpHeaders headers = passthroughResponseHeaders(
           response.headers(),
           Set.of(
               CONTENT_TYPE,
               CONTENT_LENGTH,
               CONTENT_RANGE,
               CONTENT_DISPOSITION,
               CACHE_CONTROL,
               EXPIRES,
               LAST_MODIFIED,
               ETAG,
               PRAGMA));
       return ResponseEntity.status(response.statusCode()).headers(headers).body(body);
     } catch (Exception e) {
       return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.BAD_GATEWAY).body("Bad Gateway");
     }
   }
 }